Ella-Alyssa-Anushka-CR+essays

﻿ 26. Tom notices that he is a lot more short of breath after he finishes a 200 meter sprint than when he jogs for 3 miles. He is confused because he feels as if he should feel more tired when he runs for a much longer distance. Explain to him why it makes sense that he is indeed more short of breath after running a sprint than jogging. Make sure to explain it using your scientific knowledge of cellular respiration. Question 26 - When you jog, you aren't as out of breath because your body has time to make enough ATP. Because your body uses aerobic respiration while performing low enery activities (not sprinting), they can make a lot of ATP. When you sprint, your body does anaerobic respiration because it can't get enough oxygen to do aerobic respiration. By using glycolsis and lactic fermentation, not a lot of ATP is made, so you breathe faster to replenish the oxygen debt made by running.

27. A scientist isolates mitochondria form human cells and places them in an acid solution. The acid penetrates the intermembranous space of the mitochondria. The scientist then notices that the mitochondria start making ATP despite the fact that he is not providing any glucose for them. How is it possible that the mitochondria are still making ATP? (Think back to what an acid is, what it releases when placed in a solution and why this would make the mitochondria synthesize ATP). ﻿Question 27 - When an acid is placed into a solution it releases Hydrogen ions (H+). While the acid releases the H+, the hydrogen concentration get bigger in the innermembranous space. Then the H+ go through the ATP synthase through facilitated diffusion. As it passes through the protein channel (ATP synthase), ADP and a phosphate are combined to make ATP.

28. Genetic testing reveals that baby Helen has a defective gene that results in the defective production of one of the proteins in the electron transport chain. Because of faulty instructions in her DNA, one of the proteins in her ETC is mis-shapen, and therefore it cannot perform its function as efficiently. Baby Helen is “failing to thrive” as she is having a hard time gaining weight and reaching developmental milestones. Using your knowledge of the ETC and its role in making ATP, explain why you think baby Helen is having the problems described above. ﻿Question 28 - Baby Helen's proteins on the ETC is defective and she may have a problem transporting hydrogen ions (H+). Since one of her proteins cannot preform its job efficiently, she can't build the hydrogen concentraition in the innermembranous space very fast. because the concentration take so long to bulid up, the H+ don't go through the ATP synthase as fast as a normal person and she doesn't make ATP as fast as a normal person. ATP is the fuel for all the cells in the body and since she has troule making it, its harder for her to do things such as crawl and walk and reach other developmental milestones.

29. Compare the basic transformation of energy during photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Question 29 - In photosynthesis, the reactants are sunlight, CO2, and H2O. ther rsulting products from photosnytesis are O2 (a by product) and glucose. In Cellular Respiration the reactants are glucose and O2 and the products are ATP and the by products of that are CO2 adn H2O

30. Describe the role of ATP in biochemical reactions. What is ATP used for in your cells? How do your cells get energy out of a molecule of ATP? How is ATP recharged?  ﻿ATP Is essential for all reactions in the body that require engery. The way your body uses the engergy in ATP it breaks the last phophaste bond. ATp is rechargable because when you break that last phosphaste bond it can be put back together in the ATP synthase and make more ATP!