Cardiovascular+period+1

Circulatory System!

﻿1. Pump oxygen into your blood and have that oxygen travel in your blood to get into your lungs. First pump carriers oxygen to your lungs where it unloads cardon dioxide, and picks upmore oxygen. After, it delivers oxygen-rich blood back to your heart. The second pumps delivers it to every other part of your body.

2. The heart is the size of your fist clenched; it's main function is to contract and relax, it's able to pump blood through the chambers and all the parts of the body. They're long, spindle shapes make them able to stretch and contract.

3. **__Major Parts of the Heart__**

__Arteries__ carry blood away from the heart. Coronary arteries supply the heart itself with blood.

The left main coronary artery supplies blood to the left ventricle and the left atrium. The right main coronary artery supplies blood to the right ventricle and right atrium.

__Veins__ carry blood to the heart. There are two major veins in the heart.

The superior vena cava transports oxygen-depleted blood from the upper body, like the head and neck, to the heart.

The inferior vena cava transports oxygen-depleted blood from the lower part of the body, like the abdomen.

__Vessels__ are tubes that are attached to the heart. They are made of up of arteries and veins.

The aorta is the biggest blood vessel in the body. It carries oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to the body.

__Chambers__ fill up with blood and pup it out to the rest of the body. There are 2 chambers on each side to the heart. The chambers on the top are called Atria. They fill with blood that was brought in from the body and lungs and pump it into the ventricles. The ventricles are the 2 chamber on the bottom to the heart. There is a left and right ventricle. They each “squirt” out blood from the heart to the body and lungs.

__Septum__ is the thick muscle running down the middle of the heart. It separates the left and right side of the heart.

__Valves__ help this whole process by controlling what comes in and what goes out of the heart. They prevent the backflow of blood.

The mitral valve and tricuspid valve let the blood flow from the atria to the ventricles.

The aortic valve and pulmonary valve control the blood that flows out of the heart.

They open and close to let the blood in and stop it from going back out.



4. -Plasma - Colorless liquid. (most of your blood)

-Red Blood Cells - Makes blood look red and delivers oxygen to the cells in the body, and it carries back waste gases. -White Blood Cells - body's defense against disease, attacks and kills germs by globbing them up. Also by making chemical warfare agents that help attack. -Platelets - cells that help repair the body after an injury.

5. The Pulmonary Cirulation is the path of blood to the lungs. The blood starts going into the heart through the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. his blood is blue because it is low in oxygen. When the blood goes throgh the tricuspid valve,it ends up the right ventricle. Then the blood travels through the pulmonary semilunar valves and the blood will end up in the pulmonary trunk. the pumlonary trunnk then splits into 2 bracnhes that will deliver the blood to the right an left lung. that blood will get delivered to the lungs through the pulmoary arteries. Arteries always move blood to the heart adn veins always take blood away from the heart. Tthe lungs will give the blood that just cam eto them oxygen and the blood tru red because it is oxygen rich. Through the pulmonary vein the oxyegn rich blood comes back to the heart first through the pumoary trunks then into the left atrium. then through the biscuspid valvue th blood will go into the left ventricle. then the blood will go tthrough the arotic semilunar vavles and then the blood wil be in the aorta. through the coronary arteries the blood gets delivered through the whole body. the flow of blood throught theh body is known as the systemic cirulation. when the heart pumps, it signals valves to open, blood flow is costant in our bodys so the all the valves open at the same time, the vavles are used to stop the backflow of blood.

6. Myocardial Infarction:
 * Occurs when the blood flow to the heart is blocked by something, commonly a blood clot (a coronary thrombosis), and causes damage to the muscle.
 * Can occur if oxygen supply to a part of a heart muscle is severe and extended.
 * Can occur if a coronary artery contracts of spasms briefly
 * If blood is cut off from the heart for a long period of time, the muscles can be permanently damaged and will die
 * This leads to a disability or death, depending how bad the damage is.
 * Risk factors: Increased blood cholesterol, High blood pressure, Smoking cigarettes, diabetes mellitus, and a family history of coronary heart disease at a young age.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
 * Occurs when plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries that supply blood with oxygen to heart muscles.
 * Risk Factors: Increasing age, being a male (men have a greater risk), Family history, Smoking, High Blood Pressure, High blood cholesterol levels, Diabetes, Obesity, Lack of physical activity, High Stress.

7. **__Fun Facts!!!!__**
 * Adult bodies have over 60,000 miles of blood vessels.
 * A heart pumps about 4,000 gallons of blood each day.
 * Your heart's beat 30 million times a year.
 * On average, 3-year-olds have 2 pints of blood in their body; adults have six times more.
 * A "heartbeat" is really the sound of the valves in the heart closing as they push blood through its chambers.

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<span style="color: #a414c2; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">By: Anushka Siewrattan, Kerry McCloskey, Ella Loscalzo, Nicole Shap, and Katie Sokolowski!